Rotary cutter-head.



No. 864,420. Y 'PATENTED AUG. 27, 19o?. E. HABER. ROTARY GUTTER HEAD.APPLICATION FILED TUNE 22, 1905. RENEWBD JUNE 247.1907.

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` E. HABER. ROTARY GUTTER HEAD. APPLICATION FILED JUNE 22, 1905. RERIWBDv.TUNE vM. 190,7.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE,

EUGENE HABER, OF SOUTH BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOB TO MORSE TWISTDRILL AND MACHINE COMPANY, OF NEW BEDFORD, MASSACHUSETTS.

ROTARY CUTTER-HEAD.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 27, 1907.

Application filed June 22,1905, SeriaLNo. 266,422. Renewed June 24,1907. Serial No. 380,542.

To all whom it may concern: i

Be it known that I, EUGENE HABER, of South Boston, in the county ofSuffolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new andusefulImprovements in Rotary Cutter-Heads and Knives Therefor; and I herebydeclare that the following is a full, clear, and exact descriptionthereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which formpart of this specification.

This invention is an improvement in rotary cutterheads and knivesespecially adapted for use in wood working machinery, and the objects ofthe invention are to enable the knives to be adjusted eitherindependently or simultaneously and also to clamp them securely Also,when tonguing or grooving knives are used, to enable the knives to beadjusted longitudinally so as to produce any desired width of tongue orgroove.

The essential parts and combinations of parts constituting the inventionwill be fully understood from the following description and theaccompanying drawings forming part thereof, towhich reference is had byfigures and letters marked thereon; and the features for whichprotection is desired are set forth in the claims.

In said drawings-Figure 1 is a part end elevation and part transversesection of the complete cutterhead. Fig. 2 is a part section and partside elevation of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a detail transverse section of aknife-seat and knife. Fig. 4 is a longitudinal section of a knife-seatand knife. Fig. 5 is a side view of a knife-seat detached. Fig. 6 is aview of a tonguing or grooving knife detached. Figs. 7 and 8 are detailsectional diagrams illustrating the action of the tonguing and groovingknives. y Fig. 9 is a detail.

The cutter-head comprises a main body A which is rigidly attached to theshaft S of the machine in which the head is used; said head is providedwith equi distant longitudinal parti-cylindrical grooves a, in which thecylindric knife-seats B are mounted; and with flat-surfaced parts a,intermediate these grooves a, to which the knife-clamps or cap-plates Care secured by bolts C.

The knives D are parti-cylindric in cross section and are confinedbetween the cylindric knife-seats B and the clamps C, said clamps havingtheir larger ends concaved as at c to fit against the outer or rear sideof the adjacent knife D, while the smaller ends of the clamps areconcaved, as at c, to fit against the adjacent knife-seat B, as shown7the clamps thus acting to bind the knives and the knife-seats'securelyin place on the body. The body A is also provided with grooves orrecesses a2, adjacent to grooves a, to accommodate the inner parts ofthe knives and permit their adjustment on or with the knifeseats B.

nutl or other suitable clamping device.

Extending axially through each knife-seat B is a rotatable rod E whichis provided, at intervals, with radially projecting pins e, extendingthrough slots b in the head and engaging a slot d4 in the adjacent knifeas shown, so that by rotating shaft E (when the clamp is loosened,) theknife can be adjusted relatively to the body and seat, as is obvious.

The shaft E projects beyond the seat and can be squared at its end forengagement of a suitable wrench, so that it can be rotated in the seatand thus adjust the knife independently of the others as is obvious. Afurther adjustment of the knife is attainable by rotating theknife-seat, and for this purpose the seat B may be extended at one endbeyond the body A, as at B this end B being squared or flattened as atbG to enable the body to be engaged and turned by a wrench. Thus bymeans of rod E the knife can be adjusted relatively to the body andseat; and by means of the seat it can be adjusted relatively to thebody. l

For the purpose of enabling all the knives to be simultaneouslyadjusted, pinions F are mounted on the ends of the rods E, and all meshwith a common master-gear G loosely mounted on shaft S adjacent the bodyA, suitable means being provided to lock gear G against rotation whilethe cutter-head is in use, a clamping nut g being shown screwed onto athreaded part s of shaft S adjacent thegear G, by which the gear can beclamped against the body when it is desired to lock the gear.

The pinions F can be locked to the rods E by sliding them thereon untilnotches f in the pinions engage pins e/ on the rods, then by rotatinggear G all the rods E will be simultaneously rotated and all the knivesD simultaneously adjusted. Gear G can be conveniently turned by means ofa lever H having a segmental toothed head provided with an opening hwhich can be engaged with the end of a rod E and the toothed partengaged with gear G as indicated in the drawings, said lever beingremoved after the desired adjustment is effected.

The seats B` may be similarlysimultaneously adjusted as follows: On theother ends of rods E can be mounted pinions I,` which mesh with a gear Jmounted on shaft S, like gear G, and provided with a clamping When it isdesired to adjust the seats simultaneously, pinions I are moved inwardto cause pins b2 on the seats to engage sockets t' in the pinions, thenby applying a wrench, as H, to the gear J all the seats can besimultaneously rotated, and thereby all the attached knives adjusted.

In the drawings the knives D are shown as tonguing or grooving knives,and forthis purpose are provided with spiral rib-shaped cutters D, ontheir outer faces, and on their inner faces are provided with spiralribs d3, adapted to engage corresponding spiral shaped grooves b3 inseats B. By reason of this construction it will be obvious that it theknife is moved on the seat, it will be shifted slightly endwise of theseat. In practice the alternate knives and knife-seats may have rightand left spirals, respectively, so that the cutter D of one will cut oneside of the tongue or groove, and the cutter D of the next will cut theopposite side, as indicated in Fig. 7 while Fig. S shows how the likealternate arrangement of knives may be used to cut grooves. With suchknives (D, D,) it is possible to cut any width of tongue or groovedesired by adjusting the knives endwise relatively to the knife-seats,sothat the cutting edges of the alternate knives are moved to or from amedian line. For this purpose the knife seats B are provided with spiralgrooves b3 on their outer cylindric faces (see Fig. 5), and the knives Dwith spiral ribs d3 on their inner faces, (see Fig. 6), the ribs d3being adapted to engage the grooves b3 so that if the knife-seat andknife are rotated relatively to each other, the rib and groove willcause the knife to shift longitudinally of the seat. The knives -can beheld against rotation by rods E, while the seats D are rotated, eitherindependently, or simultaneously, by means of gear .I and pinions I asabove described. Owing to the spiral shape of the cutting ribs D it willbe seen that they have the desired clearance so that they will clearthemselves, or clean cut, both in the tonguing (Fig. 7) and in grooving(Fig. 8.)

In the drawings I have shown gage rings M for setting the knives, but donot claim them herein; these rings can be slipped onto the cutter-headwhen setting the knives, and removed when the cutter-head is in use. Theclamps C should be provided with a groove to accommodate'the ribs D ofthe tonguing` and grooving cutters, as shown. Obviously the knife seats,rods E, and clamps are useful in connection with planing or moldingknives, and I do not consider the invention lrestricted to the tonguingand grooving knives although the particular form of such knives is asubsidiary feature of the invention. The outer part of the knife-seats Bis reduced or grooved longitudinally as shown at b2 for the pupose offorming a breaking surface for the chips, and gives clearance room forthe chips to pass in and facilitates the removal or insertion of theknives by a turning movement of the knives relatively to the seats.

As shown in Fig. 9 the ribs D may be made slightly oblique in crosssection, to give what is known as overhang thereto when sharpened, sothat they will cut clean and sharp in the corners of the tongues orgrooves. The ribs d3 and grooves b3 have, or should, have, the sameinclination or angle to the lengthof the blade as the cutting ribs D sothat it is unnecessary to adjust the knife-seats every time the knivesare sharpened to insure correct positioning of the cutting ribs.

It will be observed that the clamps C press the knives downwardly andinwardly, and that the greatest pressure exerted thereby on the knivesis applied nearest the working or outer edge of the knives; because theclamps are applied to the outer side of the knives and press theminwardly, instead of outwardly. This mode of clamping the curved knivesis very effective.

After the parts are properly adfusted the knives and seats are firmlylocked, by the clamps, as the knives must be held rigidly in positionduring the operation of the cutter-head.

While the pinions and gears afford convenient means for quicklyadjusting the knives and knife-seats, it is obvious that they may insome cases be dispensed with andthe adjustments effected by hand; andtherefore I do not limit my invention to the use of such adjustingmeans, although they are useful and valuable and includedas elements insome of the claims.

While the cutter-head has been described as particularly designed forwood working, it can be employed in working metal and other material.

Having thus described my invention what I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a rotary cutter-head, the combination of a body, rotatablyadjustable knife-seats thereon, adjustable knives on said seats,rotatable rods for shifting the knives on the seats, pinions on saidrods, means for locking the pinions to the rods or to the seats, and amaster gear, for the pur-v pose'set forth.

2. In a. rotary cutter-head, the combination of a body, rotatablyadjustable knifeseats thereon, rotatably adjustable knives on saidseats, rotatable rods for shifting' the l knives thereon, pinions on theopposite ends of said rods, means for locking the pinions toA the rodsor tothe seats, and master gears on the head engaging said pinions, forthe purpose set forth.

3. A cutter-head comprising a body having longitudinal grooves,rotatable knife-seats in said grooves, curved rotatively adjustableknives, clamps interposed between adjacent knife-seats, adapted tofasten the knives and seats, and means for adjusting the knives andseats independently or simultaneously.

4. In a cutter-head, the combination of a body having longitudinalgrooves, rotatable cylindric knife-seats in said grooves, curvedrotatably'adjustable knives, clamps adjustably attached to the bodybetween adjacent knife-seats, adapted to fasten the knives and seats,rotatable rods in the seats engaging the knives, and means for adjustingthe knives and seats independently or simultaneously.

5. In a cutter-head, the combination of the body, 1ongitudinal axiallyrotatable knife-seats thereon, longitudinal curved knives tted to theSeats, and means for fasteningr the knives and seats in place.v

6. In a cutter-head, the combination of a longitudinally grooved body,rotatable knife-seats fitted in the grooves, curved knives securedbetween the body and seats and adjustable with said seats, andknife-clamps.

7. In combination, a body having longitudinal grooves, rotatableknife-seats in said grooves, longitudinal curved knives secured betweenthe body and seats and adjustable relatively to said seats, and clampsattached to the body to secure the knives and seats in place.

8. In combination, a body, adjustable knife-seats thereon, knives havinglongitudinal cutting edges and rotatably adjustable with the seats;means for rotatably adjusting said knives relatively to the seats, andknife-clamps.

9. In combination, a body, longitudinal rotatably adjustable knife-seatsthereon, curved rotatably adjustable knives having longitudinal cuttingedges, fitted to the seats and adjustable therewith; means for alsorotatably adjusting said knives relatively to the seats, andknifeclamps. l

l0. In a cutter-head, the combination of a body, a longitudinallyarranged transversely curved knife adjustably mounted thereon, arotatable rod extending axially of the body, and connections between therod and knife for adjusting said knife, and knife-clamps.

11. In a cutter-head, the combination of a longitudinally grooved body,rotatable knife-seats in the grooves thereof, knives adjustably mountedon the seats, rotatable rods in the seats and connections between therods and knives.

l2. In a cutter-head, the combination of a body, longitudinally arrangedrotatably adjustable knife-seats thereon, rotatably adjustable knivesadjustable with the seats, and means for adjusting the knives relativelyto said seats.

13. In a cutter-head, the combination of a body, rotatably adjustableknife-seats thereon, rotatably adjustable knives on the seats, androtatable rods and connections for adjusting the knives on said seats,and knife-clamps.

l 14. In combination, a rotatable body, rotatable knifeseats in theperiphery thereof, knives adjustable with the seats; means for adjustingthe knives relatively to the seats, and means for clamping the knivesand seats.

15. In a cutter-head, the combination of a body, rotatably adjustableknife-seats thereon provided with inclined grooves, and knives fitted tosaid seats and provided with ribs engaging the grooves, for the purposeset forth.

1G.'ln a cutter-head, the combination of a body, rotatably adjustableknife-seats thereon, knives on and adjustable with said seats,interlocking spiral ribs and grooves on said knives and seats, and meansfor adjusting the knives relatively to said seats.

17. In a cutter-head, the combination of a body, longitudinally arrangedrotatable cylindric knife-seats thereon, curved knives Iitted to saidseats, interlocking spiral ribs and grooves on said knives and seats andmeans for clamping the knives and seats, for the purpose specified.

18. In combination, a body, a rotatable knife-seat thereon, a knifefitted to said seat and a rod journaled in said seat and provided withradially disposed fingers or arms engaging the knife, for the purposespecified.

1i). In combination, a body, a rotatable longitudinally disposedknife-seat thereon, a curved knife fitted to said seat and adjustabletherewith,y and a rod journaled in said seat and provided with radialfingers or arms engaging the knife, for the purpose specified.

20. In a cutter-head, the combination of a body, longitudinally disposedknives thereon, rotatable rods parallel with the knives, pinions on saidrods, connections between the rods, and a master-gear engaging thepinions for simultaneously turning the rods.

21. In a cutter-head, the combination of a body, longi tudinallyarranged transversely curved knives thereon, rotatable rods mounted onthe body, connections between the rods and knives, pinions on said rods,and a master-gear for simultaneously turning the rods.

22. In a cutter-head, the combination of longitudinally arrangedrotatable knife-seats, knives fitted to and adjustable with the seats, apinion for each seat, and a mastergear adapted to cause said pinions tosimultaneously adjust the seats and knives.

23. In a cutter-head, the combination of longitudinally arrangedrotatable knife-seats,l knives tted thereto and adjustable therewith, apinion for each seat, and a mastergear on the cutter-head shaft engagingsaid pinions to simultaneously adjust the seats.

24. In a cutter-head, the combination of a body, and a cylindricrotatable knife-seat thereon; with an adjustable knife fitted to theseat and having an angularly disposed cutting rib, and angularlydisposed, interlocking ribs and grooves on the meeting faces of theknife and seat.

25. ln a rotary cutter-head, the combination of a body and an adjustablerotatable cylindric knife-seat thereon;

' on, and knives having Yspiral With a curved adjustable knife having aspiral cutting rib, and interlocking spiral ribs and grooves on themeeting faces of the knife and seat.

26. In combination with a cutter-head having longitudinal rotatableknife-seats, transversely curved knives fitted to said seats, and clampsadjustably secured to the head and bearing at one end upon the outer orback faces or knives, and at the other end upon the adjacent knifeseat,substantially as described.

27. In a cutter-head, the combination of the body having longitudinalgrooves, cylindric and rotatable knifeseats iitted therein, curvedknife-blades, and means for holding the knife-blades and seats in place.

2S. In a cutter-head, the combination of the body, internal knife-seatsthereon, external knife-clamps, and curved knives having angular-lydisposed or spiral cutting ribs fitted and clamped between said clampsand seats.'

29. In a cutter-head, the combination of the body, curved knives havingangnlarly disposed or spiral cutting ribs, and knife-clamps havingrecesses and projections to correspond with the cutting ribs of theknives.

30. In a cutter-head, the combination of the body, rotatable knife-seatsthereon, pinions attached to said seats, a master-gear, and means forfastening the gear and pinions in place.

31. In a cutter-head, the combination of the body, knifeseats, curvedknives, rods journaled in said seats, pinions attached to said rods, amaster-gear, and means for fastening the gears and pinions in place.

32. For a cutter-head, curved knives or grooves on their internalsurfaces for lateral shifting of the same.

33. In a cutter-head, the combination of a body, rotatable knife-seats,and curved knives having ribs or grooves, or shoulders to engage withcorresponding parts on the knife-seats for the purpose of adjusting theknives.

34. In a cutter-head, the combination of a body, cylindric rotatable`knife-seats to engage the knives, and dattened or squared for thepurpose of rotatably adjusting the knives, and knives engaging saidseats.

35. In a cutter-head, a body, cylindric knife-seats theregrooves or ribsengaging the the seats for the purpose having spiral ribs the purpose ofcorresponding ribs or grooves on of laterally shifting the knives.

3G. In a cutter-head, the combination of a longitudinally grooved body,rotatable knife-seats fitted in the grooves, curved knives adjustableWith said seats, and knife-clamps.

37. In combination, a body having longitudinal grooves, rotatableknife-seats in said grooves, longitudinal curved knives adjustablerelatively to said seats, and clamp's a1:- tached to the body to securethe knives and seats in place.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own, I atlix my signaturein presence of two Witnesses.

EUGENE HABER.

ADRIAN B. SMITH, G. W. Fnizznnn.V

